élection américaine 1948

Alistair Cooke, the distinguished writer for the Manchester Guardian newspaper in the United Kingdom, published an article on the day of the election entitled "Harry S. Truman: A Study of a Failure. ... Biden dépasserait la barre des 270 grands électeurs nécessaires à son élection. S'ils n'ont aucune chance de l'emporter, ils pourraient bien jouer les faiseurs de roi en cas de résultats serrés. Taft then called Stassen and urged him to withdraw from the race and endorse him as Dewey's main opponent. Mais la tradition américaine est bien différente, ... en 1948 – la défaite du successeur de Franklin Delano Roosevelt. En fait, Dewey a rarement mentionné le nom de Truman pendant la campagne, ce qui s'inscrit dans sa stratégie consistant à paraître au-dessus de la politique partisane mesquine. [70] Several well-known and influential newspaper columnists, such as Drew Pearson and Joseph Alsop, wrote columns to be printed the morning after the election speculating about Dewey's possible choices for his cabinet; the day before the election, Pearson wrote that any chance of a Truman victory was "impossible," and his column printed the day after the election stated that Pearson had "surveyed the closely-knit group around Tom Dewey who will take over the White House 86 days from now. Dewey.[2][3][4]. Nonetheless, 947 Democratic delegates voted for Truman as the Democratic nominee, while Russell received only 266 votes, all from the South. Il a déclaré à un auditoire que « les républicains ont commencé à clouer au mur le consommateur américain avec des pics d'avidité ». La campagne des élections de 1948 a été la première à connaître une activité de propagande de masse. Truman's feisty campaign style energized his base of traditional Democrats, consisting of most of the white South, as well as Catholic and Jewish voters; he also fared surprisingly well with Midwestern farmers. The Dixiecrats were weakened, however, when most Southern Democratic leaders (such as Governor Herman Talmadge of Georgia and "Boss" E. H. Crump from Tennessee) refused to support the party. Truman a simplement ignoré le fait que les politiques de Dewey étaient considérablement plus libérales que celles de la plupart de ses collègues républicains, et il a plutôt concentré son feu contre ce qu'il a qualifié de tendances conservatrices et obstructionnistes de l'impopulaire 80e Congrès. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président à la suite de la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. Retrieved August 1, 2005. Tasos Katopodis via Getty Images. [74] As the votes came in, Truman took an early lead that he never lost. Although he was a member of the Democratic Party, Taylor accepted the Progressive Party's vice-presidential nomination, saying "I am not leaving the Democratic Party. Marine Le Pen a déclaré mercredi qu'elle ne reconnaissait "absolument pas" la victoire de Joe Biden à l'élection présidentielle américaine la semaine dernière. Conformément à la constitution, Harry S. Truman fut investi comme 33e président des États-Unis. In 1946, President Truman had fired Wallace as Secretary of Commerce when Wallace publicly opposed Truman's firm moves to counter the Soviet Union in the Cold War. Le président élu Joe Biden a bien remporté l’Arizona et ses onze grands électeurs. "[77] Gallup and Roper also did an analysis of the votes, they "learned that one voter in every seven (6,927,000), made up his mind in the last two weeks before the election. L'ANTISECHE - Donald Trump a menacé de saisir la Cour suprême pour trancher l'élection présidentielle américaine. The party therefore nominated Norman Thomas, a 5-time Socialist nominee and the former party chairman, as president, and Tucker P. Smith, an economics professor, as vice president. "[75] For the rest of his life, Truman would gleefully mimic Kaltenborn's pedantic voice predicting his defeat throughout that election night. There, he took a room in the historic Elms Hotel, had dinner and a Turkish bath, and went to sleep. [47], In the fall campaign the Wallace-Taylor ticket made a Southern tour, where both Wallace and Taylor insisted on speaking to racially integrated audiences, in defiance of Southern custom and law at the time. "[77] After 1948, pollsters would constantly test voters through election day. Il semblait parfois qu'il demandait aux Américains de réaliser l'unité en étant unis derrière lui », « destinée à quatre groupes d'intérêts distincts - les travailleurs, les agriculteurs, les noirs et les consommateurs », « suceurs de sang ayant des bureaux à Wall Street », « les républicains ont commencé à clouer au mur le consommateur américain avec des pics d'avidité », « ce Congrès républicain a déjà planté une fourche dans le dos de l'agriculteur », Wallace était par ailleurs le directeur de la revue de Gauche, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Élection_présidentielle_américaine_de_1948&oldid=177245802, Élection présidentielle américaine par année, Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais, Portail:Politique aux États-Unis/Articles liés, Portail:Époque contemporaine/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Élection présidentielle américaine de 1948. "[45] After receiving the vice-presidential nomination, Taylor told reporters that there was a difference between "pink" Communists and "red" Communists. When the results among 20,000 farmers showed up as fifty-four percent to forty-six percent for the donkey, the poll was abandoned. [16], Truman gave a fighting acceptance speech, stating that "Senator Barkley and I will win this election and make the Republicans like it - don't you forget it!...We will do that because they are wrong and we are right. The Progressives proposed stronger government regulation and control of Big Business. . Stassen defeated Dewey again in the Nebraska primary, thus making him the new frontrunner. (Adopté à la Neuvième Conférence Internationale Américaine, Bogota, Colombia 1948) ... Elle a de même le devoir de remplir les obligations d'élection populaire qui lui reviennent dans l'Etat dont elle est ressortissante. [81], The 1948 presidential election contrasted with other elections across the world during this period, for Truman was a war leader who managed to win re-election (Churchill and de Gaulle both left office shortly after the end of the war).[82][83]. Elle a eu lieu le mardi 5 novembre 1940. we are aggressively preparing for war."[52]. [30], The 1948 Republican National Convention was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Le 80e Congrès a fait le jeu de Truman, en ne proposant que très peu de lois de fond pendant cette période. [23] In April 1948 Dewey sent Paul Lockwood, one of his top aides, to build a strong grassroots organization in the state. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président suite à la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. [29] From this point forward, the New York governor had the momentum he needed to win his party's second nomination. Preparation and more preparation had always been the distinguishing characteristic of Dewey and his team throughout his career...The truth is that Dewey's campaign was the result not of careless, but too careful and painstaking, calculation. Truman's first choice for his running mate was Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, hoping that it might make the ticket more appealing to liberals. National Archives and Records Administration. [54], The Southern Democrats who had walked out of the Democratic National Convention to protest the civil rights platform approved by the convention, and supported by Truman, promptly met at Municipal Auditorium in Birmingham, Alabama, on July 17, 1948, and formed yet another political party, which they named the States' Rights Democratic Party. L'élection présidentielle américaine de 1840 se tient du 30 octobre au 2 décembre et voit la défaite du président sortant Martin Van Buren, la première du Parti démocrate depuis le scrutin de 1824, et l'élection du premier président whig, le général William Henry Harrison. C’est la seconde fois depuis 1948 qu’un candidat démocrate l’emporte dans cet Etat du sud des Etats-Unis. The Dixiecrats had no chance of winning the election themselves, since they could not get on the ballot in enough states to win the necessary electoral votes. I can think of nothing duller or more intellectually barren than acting like a sports announcer who feels he must pretend he is witnessing a neck-and-neck race. [42] A number of other Progressive Party delegates and supporters would quit the party in protest over what they perceived as the undue influence Communists exerted over Wallace, including the prominent American socialist Norman Thomas. It showed "a slight shift to Truman; it still gave Dewey a heavy lead, however, so he decided not to hedge his bet. "[48] When he left the state he announced: "As Jesus Christ said, if at any time they will not listen to you willingly, then shake the dust off from your feet and go elsewhere. Wallace himself denied being a Communist, but he repeatedly refused to disavow their support and, at one point, was quoted as saying that the "Communists are the closest thing to the early Christian martyrs. Même la propre femme de Truman, Bess, avait des doutes privés quant à la victoire de son mari. Dewey - while criticizing Communist totalitarianism and Soviet actions in the Cold War - still forcefully argued against banning the Communist Party: "This outlawing idea is nothing new...for thousands of years despots have tortured, imprisoned, killed, and exiled their opponents, and their governments have always fallen into the dust. Wallace's Progressives received only 2.4% of the national popular vote, well below their expected vote total and slightly less than the Dixiecrats, and Wallace did not take as many liberal votes from Truman as many political pundits had predicted. Ce mardi, étape à Lansing, capitale de l'Etat du Michigan, où les autorités craignent que des milices d’extrême droite perturbent le vote. [9][10] Former Texas Governor Dan Moody proposed a plank that supported the status quo of states' rights; a similar but shorter proposal was made by Cecil Sims of the Tennessee delegation. Présidents -- Élection (1968) [35], Dewey's campaign team originally wanted Illinois Governor Dwight Green to be his running mate, but the opposition of Colonel Robert R. McCormick, the powerful publisher of the Chicago Tribune, nixed his chances. You cannot have freedom without liberty. Une maigre victoire qui lui donna la Maison blanche. Selon le "New York Magazine", Donald Trump, testé positif au coronavirus, aurait par exemple déclaré : "Je pourrais être un de ceux qui en meurent." This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 01:07. . "[67] One poll showing strong Truman support in the rural Midwest was sponsored by the Staley Milling Company, who "polled farmers by giving them a choice of a donkey or an elephant on chicken feed sacks. Dewey, meanwhile, realized that he was in trouble when early returns from New England and New York showed him running well behind his expected vote total. The Dixiecrats hoped to win enough electoral votes to force a contingent election in the House of Representatives, where they could extract concessions from either Dewey or Truman in exchange for their support. Une période riche en rebondissements qui a souvent passionné les cinéastes américains. Both Vandenberg and Warren were highly popular in their home states, but each refused to campaign in the primaries, which limited their chances of winning the nomination. Had Dewey carried all three states, he would have won the election in the Electoral College, despite losing the popular vote by over two million votes (more than 4%), while if Dewey had won only two (any two) of the three states, Truman would have had the most electoral votes, but he and Dewey would have been short of the 266 required for a majority, meaning the Dixiecrats would have succeeded in their goal of forcing the election into the House of Representatives. L'élection du président des États-Unis relève d'un processus bien huilé, réglé au jour près et qui se renouvelle tous les quatre ans. "[19], Former Governor Harold Stassen of Minnesota, President Pro TemporeArthur H. Vandenberg, Former Chief of Staff of the Army, General of the Army Douglas MacArthur from New York, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Joseph William Martin, Jr., from Massachusetts, Former Chief of Staff of the Army, General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower from New York(Declined – Jan 24, 1948), Senator John W. Bricker from Ohio(Declined – Endorsed Taft). Élection présidentielle américaine Élection présidentielle (États-Unis) Élections présidentielles américaines Élections présidentielles (États-Unis) Notices thématiques en relation (41 ressources dans data.bnf.fr) Termes plus larges (1) Politique et gouvernement -- États-Unis. Taft was the leader of the Republican Party's conservative wing, which was strongest in the Midwest and parts of the South. Le 7 novembre 1944, Franklin Delano Roosevelt fut réélu pour la quatrième fois à la présidence des États-Unis, avec Harry S. Truman comme colistier. At the Southern Governor's Conference in Wakulla Springs, Florida, on February 6, Mississippi Governor Fielding Wright proposed the formation of a new third party to protect racial segregation in the South. Finally, Senator Pepper declared his intention to challenge Truman for the presidential nomination. Honnêtement, je trouve qu’on a beaucoup exagéré cette impression de désordre autour de l’élection américaine. The "surprise" candidate of 1948 was Stassen, a liberal from Minnesota. Another reason for Dewey's surprise defeat was his complacent, distant approach to the campaign, and his failure to respond to Truman's attacks. "[33], Dewey's leading opponents – Taft and Stassen – met in Taft's hotel suite to plan a "stop-Dewey" movement. Il critiqua également sa doctrine[1]. Wallace and his supporters believed that the committee was violating the civil liberties of government workers and labor unions. La présidence américaine se jouera dans une douzaine d'États clés. Ce qui se passe aux États-Unis ne nous importe pas, ni qui y sera élu. "[27] Dewey ended his turn in the debate by stating that "I am unalterably, wholeheartedly, and unswervingly against any scheme to write laws outlawing people because of their religious, political, social, or economic ideas. « Vous savez que votre avenir est encore devant vous », « Aucun candidat à la présidence ne sera à l'avenir si inepte que quatre de ses grands discours puissent se résumer à ces quatre phrases historiques : L'agriculture est importante. Stassen believed that if he could defeat Taft in his home state, Taft would be forced to quit the race and most of Taft's delegates would support him instead of Dewey. The United States presidential election of 1948 was the 41st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 2, 1948. When Stassen refused, Taft wrote a concession statement and had it read to the convention at the start of the third ballot; at this point the other candidates also dropped out, and Dewey was then nominated unanimously by acclamation. C’est un premier revers pour Donald Trump dans cette élection. Thomas Dewey remporta un certain nombre des états perdus par Truman, mais pas les états sudistes que Strom Thurmond réussit à remporter, plus une voix dans le Tennessee. "[70] For its television coverage, NBC News had constructed a large cardboard model of the White House containing two elephants that would pop out when NBC announced Dewey's victory; since Truman's defeat was considered certain, no donkeys were placed in the White House model. . Effectivement, cet article devait parler à l’origine de water polo, mais le projet a été abandonné au dernier moment suite … I've been a Democrat all my life. Lubell quoted a man who, when asked why he did not vote Republican after moving to the suburbs, answered "I own a nice home, have a new car and am much better off than my parents were. [42] John Abt served as legal counsel to the convention's permanent chairman, Albert Fitzgerald; he also testified years later that he was a Communist. [35] Halleck did so, but Dewey, who had not been present at the meeting between his managers and Halleck, decided to reject his candidacy, telling his aides "Halleck won't do." "[62] In several speeches, Truman stated that "GOP" actually stood for "gluttons of privilege", and said that Republicans were "princes of privilege" and "bloodsuckers with offices on Wall Street. "[17] He claimed that the Republican Party had, "ever since its inception...been under the control of special privilege; and they have completely proved it in the Eightieth Congress. [14] It also received strong support from many of the big-city party bosses, most of whom felt that the civil rights platform would encourage the growing black population in their cities to vote for the Democrats. Even if Dewey won the election outright, the Dixiecrats hoped that their defection would show that the Democratic Party needed Southern support in order to win national elections, and that this fact would weaken the pro-civil rights movement among Northern and Western Democrats. Cet article recense la liste des élections présidentielles américaines. Taft defeated Stassen in his native Ohio, however, and Stassen earned the hostility of the party's conservatives. Cet article recense la liste des élections présidentielles américaines. A similarly narrow margin won Idaho and Nevada's electoral votes for Truman, and while Dewey countered by almost as narrowly carrying New York and Pennsylvania, the states with the most electoral votes at the time, as well as his birth state of Michigan, but this was too little to give him the election. The Southern delegates who remained nominated Senator Richard Russell, Jr. from Georgia for the Democratic nomination as a rebuke to Truman. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président suite à la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président suite à la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. Spirits were low; the Republicans had taken control of both houses of the United States Congress and a majority of state governorships during the 1946 mid-term elections, and the public opinion polls showed Truman trailing Republican nominee Dewey, sometimes by double digits.

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